by Nicholas Mitsakos | Artificial Intelligence, Book Chapter, Innovation, Investment Principles, Transformative businesses, Writing and Podcasts
The selloff in technology stocks this week startled some investors. It shouldn’t have. The signals of an AI bubble have been flashing for some time: billion-dollar raises for companies with no product, multibillion-dollar valuations for companies with no revenue, and nine-figure offers made to individual researchers. The AI race is building products that are economic complements to one another—you need the turbines that power the grids, that power the chips, that run the models, that power the products. And you need firms to build their growth and hiring plans around the expectation that ever more of their work will be done by AI. AI is in a bubble, companies will fail, and capex is unsustainably high. The real question is whether the infrastructure being built now will unlock a technological era that outlasts the speculation that paid for it.
History suggests yes. The pattern repeats because the pattern works. The bubble is not the danger. Missing the moment is.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Artificial Intelligence, Book Chapter, Economy, Innovation, Investment Principles, Technology, Transformative businesses, Writing and Podcasts
Artificial intelligence is no longer an engineering discipline. It is an economic one. The companies that win will be those that understand: Ambition requires capital. Capital requires compute. Compute requires global-scale infrastructure. Infrastructure requires a strategy measured in gigawatts and billions, not teams and timelines. This is not just the future of technology — it is the new architecture of global competition.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Book Chapter, China, Globalization, Innovation, Public Policy, Science, Technology, Transformative businesses, Writing and Podcasts
The US’s competitive advantage was developing the world’s best educational system, initiating innovative research and development, welcoming the world’s best students to thrive in an unrestricted environment, and accessing unique forms of capital for entrepreneurial ideas. The unique environment that combined academia and entrepreneurship, as seen at places like Bell Labs and Fairchild Semiconductor, was the spark that ignited Silicon Valley, the Life Sciences Corridor, the Innovation District, and the Research Triangle, among others, creating an unprecedented entrepreneurial environment and economic engine. This drove economic growth, disruptive innovation, and greater prosperity. This created a virtuous cycle that enhanced national wealth and economic opportunity. We are undermining all these advantages. The next 20 years will be defined by choices made today. Talent, energy, and technological innovation build the foundation for prosperity. Undermine them, and you guarantee decline.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Book Chapter, China, Globalization, Innovation, Taiwan, Technology, Writing and Podcasts
The sustainability of advanced technologies, unique manufacturing capabilities, global access, and robust supply chains is currently dependent on ill-defined, reckless, and volatile political and economic strategies. Ignoring the reality of the situation and hoping things will eventually work out isn’t a good plan. For decades, the world has relied on Taiwan Semiconductor (TSMC) to produce the most advanced chips, powering everything from smartphones to artificial intelligence. This dependence has created an unprecedented vulnerability: a single geopolitical flashpoint controls the lifeblood of the global digital economy. The challenges of advanced semiconductor technologies and manufacturing are among the most pressing and significant issues of this generation. The U.S. must acknowledge that a world dominated by a single supplier is unsustainable. It must invest not only in fabs but also in intellectual capital, allied coordination, and long-term technological leaps. There is no guarantee of success. The rivalry with China will intensify, and Taiwan will remain a flashpoint. But inaction is the greater risk. Hope may provide comfort, but only strategy, investment, and execution will ensure resilience. Hope is not a plan.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Artificial Intelligence, Book Chapter, Globalization, irrationality, Science, Technology, Transformative businesses, Writing and Podcasts
We are on the precipice of technological innovations that could potentially disrupt humanity, but they will not happen overnight, nor will they be out of our control. We have the time and hopefully the perspective to make wise choices.
It’s happened before.
A little over 100 years ago, and within a few decades, the automobile, the airplane, the telephone, and the electrical grid remade the physical and social fabric of life. For the first time, distances collapsed. Cities and homes glowed with electric light. Factories ran with continuous power. Communication traveled instantly across continents. People traveled unimaginable distances in hours rather than weeks or months.
What had been science fiction for centuries became everyday reality, and people felt both awe and dislocation. We can learn from the past, as the scale of disruption from that era was likely far greater than what we are experiencing today.
The Total Perspective Vortex is a form of torture because the truth of one’s insignificance is unbearable. Perhaps that truth is found in the disruptive innovations we admire and fear, the humanity that may be lost in this sea of technological innovation, and our anxiety about our own irrelevance.
We have a deeper responsibility. It’s happened before; perhaps humankind can make better use of the new era of disruptive innovation and our expanding powers more wisely.
In other words, get a perspective.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | China, Economy, Globalization, Public Policy, Technology, Trade, Writing and Podcasts
The United States and China play global economic and political chess games. There are numerous moves and defensive and offensive strategies, not only for trade but also for energy and natural resources (rare earths, among the most recent sources of discord), geopolitics (Russia, Ukraine, Iran, and the Middle East generally), technology (Taiwan and AI), and global economic supremacy. It’s a long list, but China and the US drive the outcomes. Let’s be clear, Apple designed the iPhone, but it was China’s manufacturing workforce that made it a global phenomenon. China’s millions of engineers and factory workers accumulate practical hands-on knowledge from experience that cannot be easily transferred. This sustainable advantage creates new industries, including electric vehicles, drones, and alternative energy, with world-leading expertise. In the meantime, America’s engineering expertise has been hollowed out. It is naïve to imagine wrestling China back to the past. The project, now, is to contest its moral vision of the future. Connected, collaborative engagement is the only practical way. China has come a long way, and its trajectory cannot be ignored or dismissed. The U.S. and China will be much better off from this more enlightened, realistic perspective.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Book Chapter, Green Energy, Science, Technology, Transformative businesses, Writing and Podcasts
A new generation of clean, reliable, and flexible energy technologies, including, geothermal and advanced nuclear energy, is emerging. The story is no longer about clean and renewable energy. Solar and wind have their place, but capital investment and policy incentives are now focused on reliable, low-cost, controllable, domestic energy. For the first time in years, the policy, market, and demand signals are aligned in favor of a portfolio of solutions that are testing the edges of technology and are no longer narrow niches.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Artificial Intelligence, China, Innovation, Public Policy, Technology, Writing and Podcasts
The US is still ahead of China in artificial intelligence. However, perhaps the key to China’s success lies in its open-source model ecosystem, combined with aggressive development in semiconductor design and manufacturing. Our world is not static, and the world of artificial intelligence is where momentum matters. AI can potentially be transformative, and although current geopolitical rhetoric does not allow for cooperation or collaboration, AI progress and innovation are ultimately a global collaborative effort. If done correctly, it benefits many more and it does not come at the expense of any one nation. That should be the AI Action Plan.
by Nicholas Mitsakos | Currency, Digital Assets, Financial Technology, Globalization, Innovation, Writing and Podcasts
The U.S. Treasury is likely to need to borrow approximately $15 trillion over the next decade. As incredible as that seems, the U.S. Treasury cares about the price of that debt, and therefore, since they are the seller, they need to attract as many buyers as possible to keep the cost of that debt as low as possible. Basic supply and demand at work. Reliable treasury bond buyers are pulling back, primarily China and, to a certain degree, Japan. The Genius Act permits private entities to issue their own stablecoins, provided they are fully backed by U.S. treasuries. That will open up a new set of investors for the U.S. Treasury as it issues its required bonds. On the one hand, it’s an interesting solution because the Treasury can access an expanding market that exists outside the banking system. Expect to see much more international capital flows in US dollars, as well as significantly increased shadow banking among large US-based corporate entities that engage in business with each other and internationally.
